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Distribution of Workers with Alternative Work Arrangements by Type, 2005

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percent

United StatesPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors68.2%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers18.4%
Temporary Help Agency Workers8.0%
Contract Company Workers5.4%



AlabamaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors55.1%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers37.7%
Temporary Help Agency Workers4.5%
Contract Company Workers2.8%

AlaskaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors52.2%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers33.3%
Temporary Help Agency Workers4.4%
Contract Company Workers10.1%

ArizonaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors82.8%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers7.3%
Temporary Help Agency Workers6.3%
Contract Company Workers3.6%

ArkansasPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors69.5%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers17.6%
Temporary Help Agency Workers11.5%
Contract Company Workers1.4%

CaliforniaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors66.3%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers21.5%
Temporary Help Agency Workers9.4%
Contract Company Workers2.8%

ColoradoPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors79.1%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers9.2%
Temporary Help Agency Workers7.2%
Contract Company Workers4.5%

ConnecticutPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors79.3%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers8.0%
Temporary Help Agency Workers7.7%
Contract Company Workers5.1%

DelawarePercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors72.5%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers18.8%
Temporary Help Agency Workers3.6%
Contract Company Workers5.1%

District of ColumbiaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors71.4%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers11.0%
Temporary Help Agency Workers5.4%
Contract Company Workers12.2%

FloridaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors77.0%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers12.1%
Temporary Help Agency Workers7.6%
Contract Company Workers3.3%

GeorgiaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors73.4%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers20.0%
Temporary Help Agency Workers4.0%
Contract Company Workers2.5%

HawaiiPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors78.6%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers12.3%
Temporary Help Agency Workers9.0%
Contract Company Workers0.0%

IdahoPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors81.0%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers14.3%
Temporary Help Agency Workers2.2%
Contract Company Workers2.5%

IllinoisPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors72.1%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers12.7%
Temporary Help Agency Workers11.3%
Contract Company Workers3.9%

IndianaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors72.5%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers11.2%
Temporary Help Agency Workers11.2%
Contract Company Workers5.1%

IowaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors73.9%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers13.4%
Temporary Help Agency Workers8.9%
Contract Company Workers3.8%

KansasPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors70.3%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers21.0%
Temporary Help Agency Workers4.9%
Contract Company Workers3.8%

KentuckyPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors57.4%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers20.8%
Temporary Help Agency Workers13.2%
Contract Company Workers8.5%

LouisianaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors49.9%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers37.0%
Temporary Help Agency Workers7.3%
Contract Company Workers5.8%

MainePercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors66.8%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers25.5%
Temporary Help Agency Workers4.3%
Contract Company Workers3.3%

MarylandPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors71.8%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers10.9%
Temporary Help Agency Workers2.9%
Contract Company Workers14.4%

MassachusettsPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors75.7%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers12.3%
Temporary Help Agency Workers8.2%
Contract Company Workers3.8%

MichiganPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors60.8%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers21.9%
Temporary Help Agency Workers13.3%
Contract Company Workers4.0%

MinnesotaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors77.0%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers16.3%
Temporary Help Agency Workers3.9%
Contract Company Workers2.8%

MississippiPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors65.7%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers17.5%
Temporary Help Agency Workers12.7%
Contract Company Workers4.1%

MissouriPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors77.0%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers15.6%
Temporary Help Agency Workers6.0%
Contract Company Workers1.5%

MontanaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors79.4%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers15.7%
Temporary Help Agency Workers1.5%
Contract Company Workers3.4%

NebraskaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors74.2%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers15.4%
Temporary Help Agency Workers5.8%
Contract Company Workers4.6%

NevadaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors63.7%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers17.5%
Temporary Help Agency Workers13.1%
Contract Company Workers5.7%

New HampshirePercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors60.0%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers19.7%
Temporary Help Agency Workers14.6%
Contract Company Workers5.8%

New JerseyPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors62.2%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers17.8%
Temporary Help Agency Workers6.4%
Contract Company Workers13.6%

New MexicoPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors57.0%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers37.2%
Temporary Help Agency Workers3.0%
Contract Company Workers2.9%

New YorkPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors65.5%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers21.7%
Temporary Help Agency Workers6.6%
Contract Company Workers6.2%

North CarolinaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors59.5%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers12.6%
Temporary Help Agency Workers18.7%
Contract Company Workers9.2%

North DakotaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors66.3%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers27.7%
Temporary Help Agency Workers4.8%
Contract Company Workers1.2%

OhioPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors65.4%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers23.2%
Temporary Help Agency Workers7.1%
Contract Company Workers4.3%

OklahomaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors75.0%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers16.1%
Temporary Help Agency Workers8.8%
Contract Company Workers0.0%

OregonPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors75.8%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers15.2%
Temporary Help Agency Workers5.7%
Contract Company Workers3.3%

PennsylvaniaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors70.8%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers19.1%
Temporary Help Agency Workers5.2%
Contract Company Workers4.9%

Rhode IslandPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors72.1%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers18.8%
Temporary Help Agency Workers6.4%
Contract Company Workers2.7%

South CarolinaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors72.7%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers15.7%
Temporary Help Agency Workers8.9%
Contract Company Workers2.8%

South DakotaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors60.5%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers27.7%
Temporary Help Agency Workers7.6%
Contract Company Workers4.2%

TennesseePercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors69.0%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers20.4%
Temporary Help Agency Workers9.4%
Contract Company Workers1.2%

TexasPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors62.6%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers19.9%
Temporary Help Agency Workers8.1%
Contract Company Workers9.4%

UtahPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors72.1%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers15.5%
Temporary Help Agency Workers7.5%
Contract Company Workers4.9%

VermontPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors82.3%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers13.3%
Temporary Help Agency Workers2.2%
Contract Company Workers2.2%

VirginiaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors56.3%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers14.1%
Temporary Help Agency Workers8.4%
Contract Company Workers21.3%

WashingtonPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors62.9%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers23.2%
Temporary Help Agency Workers7.4%
Contract Company Workers6.5%

West VirginiaPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors41.0%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers41.1%
Temporary Help Agency Workers10.7%
Contract Company Workers7.3%

WisconsinPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors79.7%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers15.5%
Temporary Help Agency Workers3.8%
Contract Company Workers1.1%

WyomingPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent Contractors53.7%
On-Call Workers and Day Laborers33.7%
Temporary Help Agency Workers4.5%
Contract Company Workers8.1%



GuamPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent ContractorsNA
On-Call Workers and Day LaborersNA
Temporary Help Agency WorkersNA
Contract Company WorkersNA

Puerto RicoPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent ContractorsNA
On-Call Workers and Day LaborersNA
Temporary Help Agency WorkersNA
Contract Company WorkersNA

Virgin IslandsPercent0.0% - 100.0%
 
Independent ContractorsNA
On-Call Workers and Day LaborersNA
Temporary Help Agency WorkersNA
Contract Company WorkersNA



(show/hide notes)
Notes: 
The number of permanent and temporary workers summed may not equal the worker total shown due to rounding.

A temporary worker may be employed in an alternative work arrangement, though this is not necessarily the case. Temporary work is defined and measured separately from the four major categories of alternative work arrangements.
Estimates of employment shown in the table are based on 2000 Census-based population controls. All employed persons, except unpaid family workers, were included in the survey.
Sources: Bureau of Labor Statistics, March 2006, Special Data Request.
Definitions: Independent Contractors: Include independent contractors, consultants, or free-lance workers, regardless if they are self employed, wage, or salary workers.
On-Call Workers: Individuals who are called to work only as needed, which may include being scheduled to work for several days or weeks in a row.
Contract Company Workers: Individuals who are employed by a company that provides them or their services to others under contract.



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